Utilización de material compuesto de escayola para la elaboración de productos prefabricados sostenibles: estudio de su proceso de fabricación, propiedades y cadena de suministro

The building sector is currently involved in a process of change as a result of concerns about the sustainability of the construction industry. For this reason, the application of circular economy criteria that are committed to the development of new, more sustainable construction materials has become one of the major challenges included in the European Green Pact. In this research, the physical and mechanical characterisation of a new plaster composite material with the incorporation of recycled rubber granular particles and glass wool waste fibres has been carried out. It has been possible to replace up to 30% of the original plaster material with recycled raw material, improving the thermal behaviour of the prefabricated plaster plates. In addition, good mechanical performance has been obtained and the weight of the precast elements has been reduced. Finally, using the FlexSim simulation software, different scenarios have been examined which have permitted to know the increases in productivity in the manufacturing process derived from the use of these lightened sustainable materials, as well as to verify the reduction in fuel consumption (litres/plate) and CO2 emissions during transport. For all these reasons, the application of circular economy criteria applied to waste management is fundamental to progress towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Key Words: circular economy, building/construction industry product innovation, sustainable prefabricated construction, efficiency, simulation.